Treatment and reduction of fractures

1. Splint fixation for upper arm fracture

Wrap with gauze or bandage first, the upper arm splint is placed on the front, back, and outer medial side of the fractured upper arm (note that the medial splint is the shortest, the outer side is the longest, and the front splint is shorter than the rear splint). ), Fix the splint, in turn, confirm the fastness, and then hang the affected limb with a triangle towel or forearm sling

2. Splint fixation of forearm fracture

First use gauze or bandage to wrap, place 4 splints on the forearm (note the length and placement of the splint), first bind the middle part of the splint with a bandage. According to the length of the limb, you can use 3 or 4 bandages to fix and confirm the fastness. Suspend the affected limb with a triangle towel or forearm sling.

3. Splint fixation for femoral fractures

Wrap with gauze or bandage first, place 4 splints on the femur (note the length of the splint, the outer splint is the longest, the medial is the shortest, and the top is shorter than the bottom). First fix the two ends of the splint with a bandage, and then fix them in order. After 4 rounds of tying, check again to adjust the tightness of the bandage.

4. Splint fixation for calf fracture

Wrap with gauze or bandage first, place 5 splints on the lower leg (note that in addition to the position of the splint, two splints should be placed in front), and then use bandages to fix them in order. After knotting and fixing, confirm the strength of all bandages again.

5. Fixation of braces

The fixation of the brace provides sufficient strength and convenience to meet the requirements of efficient and convenient first aid. Braces are divided into wrist braces, elbow braces, ankle braces, patellar ligament braces, and thigh braces. Thigh braces are used for fractures around the femur or knee joint. Before fixing, the surrounding fixing screws must be fixed. Unscrew and adjust the length to fit the patient's body shape. After the length is determined, install it, tighten the screws, and then fix the sacral ligament brace in order. It is used to fix the sacral ligament injury and sacrum fracture. Before the fixation, you need to loosen the fixation band. After installation, And then reset the fixing band.

Ankle brace—It is used to fix ankle injury or fracture, as well as patients with a foot injury or fracture. The fixation method is to loosen the fixing band in advance, and then fix it after installation.

Elbow joint brace-used to fix elbow and forearm fractures or injuries, the same fixation method as before.

Wrist joint brace-used to fix wrist and hand injuries and fractures, the same fixation method as before.

Complications and solutions

When dealing with fractures or injuries, open wounds are often encountered, which requires us to treat the wound first. For example, the abrasions must be disinfected, covered with gauze, and then bandaged. For larger wounds, cover first (conditional debridement and suture if necessary) before bandaging. The fixing of the splint and the brace is often temporary. Therefore, the splint must be checked for its regularity. Sometimes the splint is checked every day.

Splints and braces are prone to pressure sores or ulcers when they come into direct contact with the patient's skin. So be sure to have gauze or cotton pads for isolation.

Due to the complicated operation of the splint and the need for regular tuning, more braces are currently used. But for emergencies or first aid, it is very important to understand and master the principle of using splints.